行时也可用在某些从句中，这时从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，从而对整个句子产生影响，例如： 1. I heard you’d been calling me. 我听说你一直在给我打电话。 2. That was just the result I had been expecting. 这正是我一直期待的结果。 3. Don’t worry about it，that was exactly what we had been doing. 不要担心，那正是我们一直做的事。 4. I wanted to know what had been going on. 我想知道一直在发生什么事。 5. I wanted to know what she had been thinking about. 我想知道她在想什么。 6. They said that they had been fighting with their enemy all these years. 他们说这些年来他们一直在和他们的敌人做斗争。 7. Tom said that he had been fighting with cancer all these years. 汤姆说他这些年来一直和癌症做斗争。 8. Her mother said that she had been playing game all day. 她的妈妈说，她玩了一天的游戏。 9. I had been reading your book. 我一直在看你写的书。 10. The rain had been pouring all night. 倾盆大雨下了一整夜。 11. The point is that we had been traveling in many countries. 最关键的是，我们一直在许多国家旅游。 特别注意的是：凡不能用于进过去完成进行时行时的动词均不存在过去完成进行时，但动词want (有时还有wish) 除外。如： The boy was delighted with his new knife. He had been wanting one for a long time. 男孩对新小刀很高兴。他早就想要一把了。

到她时，她在那家公司已工作十年了。 2.I had not been waiting long when a taxi drew up. 我没等多久就来了一辆出租车。 3.She had been looking at the parcel for some time before she realized that it was for her mother. 这包裹她看了好一会儿才明白这是寄给她妈的。 4.Until/Up till then she had been living with her daughter. 到那时为止她一直和她女儿一起住。 5.When I first met her, she had been writing books for two years. 我第一次见到她时，她过去完成进行时的过去已经写书两年了。 6.Until/Up till then she had been speaking with her boss. 到那时为止她一直和她老板说话。 7. I had not been staying long when my mom came in. 我没呆多久，我妈妈就进来了。 8. My sister had not been waiting long when a bus drew up. 我妹妹没等多久就来了一辆公交车。 9. Until/Up till then he had been plying basketball with his friends. 到那时为止他一直和他的朋友打篮球。 10. When I first came in this house, she had been staying for three years. 我第一次进来这个房子时，她已经住了三年了。  

一、英语过去完成进行时的基本结构是：主语+had+been +doing something，例如： 1.  I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. 我刚看了几分钟，他就来了。 2. He was out of breath. He had been running. 他气喘吁吁，免费英语学习网站，他一直在跑着。 3.She had only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.  她仅仅预习

完了。 4. There are a lot of things I should have liked to ask you. 有好些事我本想问你的。 5. He knew by the time he arrived she would have finished her lunch. 他知道他到时她过去将来完成时的定义是：在过去的一段时间看将来某段时间已经完成的动作或者一种状态，它的基本结构是由“would+have+过去分词”构成已经吃完午餐了。 6. Well, well! Who would have guessed it! 真是的! 这谁会想到呀! 7. I thought he would have paid this bill for you. 我想他已经为你付账单了。 8. I thought you would have called the police by now. 我想你现在一定报警了。 9. There are a lot of things I should have done before 8 o’clock. 有好些事我本应该在八点之前完成的。

过去将来完成时时态，可以看出，过去将来完成时有3种时态，第一个是表过去的动作，第二个表将来，第三个表完成，而过去将来有可表示为would/should do sth，完成时表示为have done，因此过去将来完成时就可表示为：would/should have done.例如： He told me he would have finished it by the end of the next month. 他告诉我他下个月结束时他将完成它。 二、过去将来完成时的被动语态结构：should have been done , would have been done.例如： 1.I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong. 我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。 2.He said that the garden shed would have been being cleaned for two hours by nine o’clock. 他说到九点为止花园的小棚子将已经被打扫了两个小时了。 3.It would have been completed before 8 o'clock. 它将会在八点之前被完成。 4.He said his work would have been finished by him the next day. 他说明天他将会完成他的工作。

过去将来完成时表示从过去某个时间看将来某时之前已经完成的动作。我们在使用过去将来完成时时一定要注意以下几点： 1、时间一定是发生在过去的。例句： 1）He said that they would have arrived by seven o’clock.他说他们在七点钟前就会到达。 2）She told me that she would have finished typing the letter before I came back.她告诉我，在我回来之前她就会把信件打好的。 3）I thought Judy would have graduated from the college by then.我想届时朱迪就已经大学毕业了。 2、一定是从过去的时间看将来的事情 1）I guessed that Mother would have washed my clothes by the time we got back. 我猜我们回来时妈妈已经洗好了我的衣服。 2）I thought he would have told you some interesting things. 我想他会已告诉你非常有趣的事情。 3）He knew that she would have sold the book for money. 他知道她会为了钱卖了书。 3、一定是已经完成的事情或者状态 1）I thought you would have finished your job by now. 我想你现在一定已经干完了你的工作。 2)There are a lot of questions I should have liked to ask you. 有好些问题我本想问你的。

过去将来完成时表示的时间是过去的时间看将来的事，且在过去将来的某一时刻或者某一段时间已经完成已经上了出租车了。 4.She said she’d have finished her homework by then. 她说那时她会已经完成功课了。 5.Tom said he would have arrived by one o’clock. 汤姆说他将于1时前到达。 6.She said she’d have slept by then. 她说那会儿她已经睡觉了。 7. If I'd finished it earlier, I'd have seen you on time. 要是我早点完成它，我就能准时见你了。 8. If we had paid earlier we could have got this dress. 要是我们当时早点付款的话，我们就可以得到这条裙子了。 9. If I had

时远了。 10. He said he（ ）with my camera by the end of next month. 他说到下月底就不用我的照相机了。 11. I guessed that Mother （ ） some sandwiches by the time we got back. 我猜我们回来时妈妈已经做好一些三明治了。 答案：1. would have been 2. could have saved 3. would have met 4.

我们学习的英语时态有很多，有的简单明了，但是有的时态却非常抽象，通常不是直接使用而是放在间接引语或虚拟语气中，过去完成进行时就是一例。过去完成进行时，就是相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作。放在间接引语或虚拟语气中时它的时态不能再向前推，向后推是现在完成进行时。 过去完成进过去完成进行时行时与过去完成时的用法很相近它通常表示某个过去正在进行的动作或状态持续到过去某个时刻还未完成一直持续到之后的当前才结束。例如： 1.He had been waiting for two weeks. (He was still waiting) 他已经等了两个星期了。 2.Up

开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。 2、当since引导的时间状语从句描述的是一个从过去持续到现在的一个状态时，从句也可以用现在完成时或现在完成进过去时间点的词语、since+含有过去行时，但这种情况相对较少见。 特别提醒：如果大家想要了解更多英语方面知识，或者想要深入学习英语的，可以扫以下二维码，定制沪江网校精品课程，高效实用的个性化学习方案，专属督导全程伴学 现在完成时中since的三种主要用法包括：与表示过去时间点的词语/短语连用、与含有过去含义的时间状语从句连用、以及与一段时间+ago连用。这些用法都体现了since在表达时间关系和动作持续性方面的强大功能。通过学习和掌握这些用法，我们可以更准确地运用现在完成时来表达复杂的时间关系和动作状态。