新东方2008年六级模考题(附音频及答案)
Section A
Directions：In this section， there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own their kids seem different, less resourceful, somehow. When there’s nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with anything to do besides turning on the TV.
One father, for example, says, “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and games. We certainly never complained in an annoying way to our parents, ‘I have nothing to do!’” He compares this with his own children today:”They’re simply lazy. If someone doesn’t entertain them, they’ll happily sit there watching TV all day.”
There is one word for this father’s disappointment: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores （哀叹） his children’s lack of inventiveness, as if the ability to play were something innate （天生的） that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to play—to imagine, to invent, to elaborate on reality in a playful way—and the ability to gain fulfillment from it, these are skills that have to be learned and developed.
Such disappointment, however, is not only unjust, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents’ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of admiration and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources, to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。
47. According to the passage, without TV, their children would like their parents to be ______________.
48. Many parents think that, instead of watching TV, their children should ______________.
49. The reason why it is unfair that the father often blames his children for not being able to entertain themselves is that the children should ______________.
50. When parents show constant disappointment in their children, the destructive effect is that the children will lose ______________.
51. Developing children’s self-confidence helps bring them up to have a strong feeling of ______________.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 based on the following passage.
The banking revolution in America is as much about attitudes and assumptions as about size and structure. For century, Americans have distrusted banks. In the 1830s, Andrew Jackson denounced and destroyed the Second Bank of the United States, which existed “to make the rich richer” at the expense of “farmers, mechanics and labours.” In the 1930s, banks were blamed for helping cause the Depression. The wonder, then, is that the latest wave of bank mergers—the largest ever—has inspired little more than a bewildered and, perhaps, irritated shrug from the public.
As banks grow bigger, they seem less fearsome. Why? The answer is that banks have shrunk in power even as they have expanded in size. Traditionally, banking has been a simple business. Deposits come through one door, loans go out through another. Profits derive from the “spread” between interest rates on deposits and loans. If savers and borrowers cannot go elsewhere, banks are powerful. And if there are other choices, banks are less powerful. And so it is.
We inhabit an age of superabundant credit and its purveyors. A century ago, matters were different. Small depositors could choose from only one or several local banks; getting a loan meant winning the good graces of the neighborhood banker. Even big corporations depended on a few big banks or investment houses.
John Reed or Hugh McColl—the heads of Citicorp and Nations Bank—are not household names. In 1900, J. P. Morgan was. As head of J. P. Morgan & Co., he controlled—through stock and position on corporate boards—a third of U.S. railroads and 70 percent of the steel industry. A railroad executive once cheerfully confessed his dependence on Morgan’s capital: “If Mr. Morgan were to order me tomorrow to Siberia…I would go.”
No bankers today inspire such awe or fear. Time, technology and government restrictions weakened bank power. In the 1920s, auto companies popularized car loans. National credit cards originated in 1950 with the Dinners Club card. In 1933, the Glass-Steagal Act required banks and their investment houses to split. After World War Ⅱ, pensions and the stock market competed for consumer savings. As a result, banks command a shrinking share of the nation’s wealth: 20 percent of assets of financial institutions in 1997, down from 50 percent in 1950.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52. Traditionally, Americans’ attitude towards banks is one of______.
A） suspicion C） dependence
B） trust D） admiration
53. Why are John Reed and Hugh McColl not as well-known as J. P. Morgan?
A） John Reed and Hugh McColl are not as rich as J. P. Morgan.
B） Banks are no longer as powerful as they were in J. P. Morgan’s time.
C） John Reed and Hugh McColl are not as capable as J. P. Morgan was.
D） The banks John Reed and Hugh McColl head are smaller than Morgan’s.
54. The word “spread” （Line 3, Para 2） most probably means______.
A） cover C） difference
B） extent D） degree
55. Which of the following statements is true?
A） The recent bank mergers have given much shock to the nation.
B） People no longer distrust banks.
C） No bank today can compare with J. P. Morgan’s in size.
D） It is easier to borrow money today than it was in the past.
56. What does the author chiefly talk about in the passage?
A） Banking and investment. C） The evolution of the banks.
B） The credit market. D） The shrinking power of the banks.
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 based on the following passage.
Since the first brain scanner was constructed several years ago, computed tomography or computed medical imagery, has become fairly widely used. Its rapid acceptance is due to the fact that it has overcome several of the draw backs of conventional X-ray technology.
To begin with, conventional two-dimensional X-ray pictures cannot show all of the information contained in a three-dimension object. Things at different depths are superimposed, causing confusion to the viewer. The computer is able to reconstruct pictures of the body’s interior by measuring the varying intensities of X-ray beams passing through sections of the body from hundreds of different angles. Such pictures are based on series of thin “slices”.
In addition, conventional X-ray generally differentiates only between bone and air, as in the chest and lungs. They cannot distinguish soft tissues or variations in tissues. The liver and pancreas are not discernible at all, and certain other organs may only be rendered visible though the use of radiopaque dye. Since computed tomography is much more sensitive, the soft tissues of the kidneys or the liver can be seen and clearly differentiated. This technique can also accurately measure different degrees of X-ray absorption, facilitating the study of the nature of tissue.
A third problem with conventional X-ray methods is their inability to measure quantitatively the separate densities of the individual substances through which the X-ray has passed. Only the mean absorption of all the tissues is recorded. This is not a problem with computed tomography. It can accurately locate a tumor and subsequently monitor the progress of radiation treatment, so that in addition to its diagnostic capabilities, it can play a significant role in therapy.
注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. Conventional X-rays mainly show the difference between ______.
A） bone and air C） muscle and other body tissues
B） liver and pancreas D） heart and lungs
58. What kind of view is made possible by contiguous cross sections of the body?
A） Two-dimensional C） Animated
B） Three-dimensional D） Intensified
59. It can be inferred from the passage that, compared to conventional X-ray techniques, computed tomography is more ______.
A） compact C） economical
B） rapid D） informative
60. What is the author’s attitude toward this new technique?
A） Cautions C） Enthusiastic
B） Tolerant D） Critical
61. According to the passage, computed tomography can be used for all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A） monitoring a patient’s disease C） locating tumors
B） diagnosing disorders D） reconstructing damaged tissues
