2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试于6月16日进行，沪江英语四六级24小时关注，为你带来第一手四六级考试资讯。以下为为部分英语四级选词填空真题： Section A Directions： In this section， there is a passage with ten blanks。 You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage。 Read the passage through

四级的完形填空易地。另外，Cautiously（谨慎小心地，同根词Caution），Currently（现在，一般）。  如果此题在示读完段落之前四级的完形填空是一块不折不扣的鸡肋，食之无味，弃之可惜。想做的时候发现不好做也做不好，不想做的时候又觉得10%的分值，如果以自杀式的做题方法（统一选C……），又会受到良心的遣责。那么到底如何来做完形填空？先来看看完形填空的解题原理吧。 1. 完形填空的心理学依据。 完型填空最初叫做完形程序(cloze procedure)，是由W. L. Taylor在1953 年发明的。其理论依据是格式塔心理学(Gestalt Psychology)。Gestalt是德语词， 意为“完形”，“经验的整体”。格式塔心理学家认为，人们观察物体形状时，会下意识地把形状中的空缺填补上去。Taylor认为，人的阅读过程也是完形的。把一个句子或一篇短文去掉几个词，就好像有空缺的图形一样， 人们会“无意识地”把它们填补上去，使之成为完整的句子或文章。 请看下图，并回答：这是什么图形？  笔者相信，同学们看到这个图形的时候，都会做出同样的答案，那就是：缺了一个角的立方体。这就是格式塔心理学的具体例证。思考一下，我们是怎么想到这一点的，是不是死盯住缺的地方看，一看半天呢？并非如此，我们都是通过观察整体，然后才得出刚才的结论的。 再举个例子，请看下面一段中文，并补上其中的词：  卡夫卡在去世的前一年，和他最后的情人住在维也纳。有一天他在路上散步，看到一位小女孩丢了____，正哭得伤心。卡夫卡安慰小女孩，说玩偶并不是丢了，而是厌倦了一成不变的生活，出去旅行了。  选项：A. 玩具 B. 狗狗 C. 宝贝 D. 玩偶 相信大家也找到了正确的答案，那就是：玩偶，其实这就是一道很标准的完形填空。回忆一下，这道题是如何来解决的。首先读到空格处的时候，我们并不知道小女孩丢了什么东西，从空格之前的文字中看不出任何线索，于是我们继续往后读，把整句话读完。在看到“玩偶并不是丢了”的时候，恍然大悟，发现这个句子与空格处体现了惊人的一致性，于是做答，空格处填：玩偶。这种做题方法在解决完形填空题时，被笔者称之为“复现结构”，其原理与上面提到的观察图形的方式是一致的，只研究空格本身对于解题毫无意义，关键是看清楚整体，在整体中寻找空格的提示线索。 请再来看下面的这道题目：  when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, 74 when they are “down”, that can have a 75 impact on us.  75.A）relative B）decisive C）negative D）sensitive  本题选自2007年12月22日的大学英语四级考试的真题，正确答案为C）negative，相信大家已经看明白了，本题单纯研究四个选项是不会有结果的，真正的提示线索在前文中出现过的Positively，两句话说法基本一致，但是方向相反，这也是一种复现结构。通过上面的原理，相信大家应该发现，做完形填空并不是单纯的研究单词和语法，更重要的一点是要看清整体，利用整体来解决部分，这就是完形填空题的心理学依据。  2. 大学英语四级完形填空的出题方向。 大学英语四级完形填空在出题时也是依据上面所讲的心理学原理，但在具体的考点设计上会出现以下几个特征： 首先是词汇考察，着重考察考生的词汇辨析能力，选项中往往会出现一些相似易混的单词，其中最常考察同义词、近义词、反义词和形近词这四种辨析。  其次是语法考察，着重考察考生对于高中曾经学习过的几种常见的语法，考察比较多的是时间状语从句、定语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句等。 再次是阅读能力的考察，也就是上文讲的整体解决部分这种能力的考察。 3. 解题原理。  1）研究句子构成。英语是非常强调结构的语言，所以要想做好完形填空这道题，首先要求考生一定要对句子的基本构成有非常熟练清晰的认识。请看下图：　 稍做说明，这就是一句英语句子最基本的构成形式，括号中的内容表示名词的修饰成分，是可有可无的。上面的介表示介词，意味着它可能出现在动词之后，与动词构成搭配关系。下面的副表示副词，横线表示它可能出现在句子的任何位置上，主要修饰动词。 不管完形填空的题出成什么样子，绝大多数都离不开这种基本形式，就算句子会写成各种不同的句式、语序，但词与词之间相互的修饰限定的关系是不会改变的。请看例题：  Moods should be 69 from emotions which are usually more intense, 70 to specific circumstances, and often conscious.  69. A）derived B）descended C）divided D）distinguished  70.A）related B）referred C）attached D）associated  本题选自2007年12月22日大学英语四级考试真题。 69题，动词介词搭配题，解题的依据之一是与From构成搭配，依据之二是后文的提示，后文中出现了More，更加如何，说明这个Emotion与前面提到的Mood是不同的。由此可知，正确选项为D。Derive（源自，来源），descend（下降），Divide（分，割，除）。  70题，动词介词搭配题，本题看搭配关系，与To构成搭配，由本句意思，与环境相关，正确选项为A。 两道题同考动词，根据上面的图可以发现，解决动词题时应该依据与它相关的词，前看名词，后看介词和名词，来做出判断。 再看一题：  Mood may be defined 67 a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied 68 any particular circumstance.  67. A）as B）about C）by D）with  68.A）over B）under C）to D）up  本题选自2007年12月22日大学英语四级考试真题。 67题，动词介词搭配题，Be defined as构成本题答案，是“被定义为”。其它选项不符合搭配关系。正确选项为A。  68题，动词介词搭配题，考察Tie的搭配，正确选项为C，tie to本意为“绑到……上”，引申为“与……有关系”。 此二题均考察介词，那依据上图与介词相关联的是前面的动词和后面的名词，那本句中的67题看到Be defined找到提示，68题看到Tied，找到提示，于是得解。  2）研究连词提示。在完形填空题中一定少不了连词的使用，而连词在使用时往往都具有了很明显的提示作用，如and，提示并列关系，前后的内容要保持结构上的一致性，或者是含义上的一致性。请看例题： For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 83 of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 84 of time spent in supermarkets or 85 to purchase products.  83.A）step B）speed C）band D）volume  本题选自2007年12月22日大学英语四级考试真题。 83题，理解题，本题根据连词提示，And前后连接并列成分，前面是节奏和音调，正确选项为D，音量。 建议考生们在做完形填空题时，要把文章中出现的每一个连词都做上标记，因为每一处连词都能提示出很多的内容，如though在使用时，主句与从句一定是相反的含义；If在使用时，从句为条件，一定是主句的前提；but在使用时，前后两个分句含义相反等等，出现连词，就意味着，题目的难度被大大降低了。 3）运用整体解决部分的思想。通过以上的分析，建议考生们今后做完形填空要以整句为单位去做题，不要只研究空格本身，而且建议大家整句读完后，从后向前去解题，这样难度会小一些。另外整体解决部分的思想还要求我们在解决段首句的问题时，不要急于下手，如果线索明确，则攻之，线索不明确的时候千万不要乱选，建议此时将整个段落作为一个整体，读完整段再做题。请看例题：  Moods appear to be 82 influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 83 of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 84 of time spent in supermarkets or 85 to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in 86 , are capable of influencing consumers’ reactions to products.  82.A）readily B）rarely C）cautiously D）currently  本题选自2007年12月22日大学英语四级就做，相信大家一定是乱选，因为凭段落首句这一句话，考生是没有任何依据在做题，这样的结果只是错。记住，段落首句往往都是段落的中心，那就意味着段落中的内容要支持这个中心，也就是说段落首句讲什么，段落内容就应该讲什么，反之亦然。 以上就是大学英语四级考试完形填空的解题原理，希望能为大家了解并解决四级完形填空题型提供一些思路和四级考试完形填空的解题原理，希望能为大家了解并解决四级技巧。 

方法建议： 做四级的选词填空

选词填空 答案 36. A) announcing 37. K) entitled 38. G) critically 39. L) potential 40. D) commitment 41. H) develop 42. J) enhance 43. O) retain 44. E) component 45. C) challenges

今天推送选词填空历年真题中反复考到的词语！帮大家快速搞定选词填空，为仔细阅读和长篇阅读腾时间~  说明：本词表按词频从高到低排列，因选词填空需要标注词性，建议同学把以下单词的各种词性和搭配结构熟记背会！本文分2个部分，看不清楚的同学请点击查看大图。 以下为第二部分，点击查看大图👇 以上就是今天的内容了~ 祝大家考试顺利！ 版权声明：本文为微信沪江英语四六级原创，未经授权，禁止转载。

选词填空答案 36. A) assets 37. E) excellent 38. L) origin 39. N) up-to-date 40. B) attend 41. G) guidelines 42. C) aware 43. H) involved 44. D) especially 45. O) volunteering

选词填空答案 36. H. passively 37. F. harmful 38. I. previously 39. L. surfing 40. C. decade 41. A. climbed 42. G. outcomes 43. E. effective 44. B. consume 45. D. determine

选词填空答案点评 本次选词填空的话题较为贴近生活，讲述的是教师可以以多种方式将社区融入课堂，如借助家长、实地考察活动、学校课题等。10题中，动词、名词、形容词平分秋色，副词一如既往考察最少。如果考生能够掌握先划分选项词性，再预判题干词性，进填空答案点评 本次选词填空而在相同词性的单词间用意思去确定最终答案的方法，其实本题难度并不高。而且这次也出现了不少固定搭配，如be aware of, be involved in等，如果平时有一定的积累，在做题时也如虎添翼，可进一步保证自己的正确率。

英语四级完形填空

根据网友反馈，2013年12月英语四级阅读选词填空原文出自《新闻周刊》的某篇文章，主英语四级阅读选词填空题为护士教育。以下为阅读原文，欢迎大家参考。 What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associate's or four-year bachelor's degree programs. But as the nursing shortage deepens, a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing "fast-track programs" that enable college grads with no nursing experience to become registered nurses with only a year or so of specialized training. In 1991, there were only 40 fast-track curricula; now there are more than 200. Typical is Columbia University's Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science in nursing in a year. Those who stay on for an additional two years can earn a master's degree that qualifies them as nurse practitioners, nurse anesthetists, clinical nurse specialists or certified nurse midwives. Many students are recent grads; others are career switchers. Rudy Guardron, 32, a 2004 grad of Columbia's program, was premed in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical research company. At Columbia, he trained as a nurse practitioner. "I saw that nurses were in high demand and it looked like a really good opportunity," he says. "Also, I didn't want to be in school for that long." The fast-track trend fills a need, but it's also creating some tension between newcomers and veterans. "Nurses that are still at the bedside view these kids with suspicion," says Linda Pellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years. "They wonder, how can they do it quicker?" The answer is they don't. Students entering with a bachelor's have already completed many of the prerequisites of traditional nursing schools. "They hit the ground running," says Hila Richardson, associate dean at New York University, which has a 15-month program. She says the fast-trackers get the same amount of clinical practice and classroom time as traditional nursing students. 以上四段即为四级阅读选词填空所选部分。 No matter how they enter the profession, new nurses must meet state training standards. But these vary, and critics worry that fast-track programs cut too many corners. Offhand comments can provoke resentment. Verlia Brown, coordinating head nurse for adult critical-care units at Kings County Hospital Center in Brooklyn, recalls overhearing a young nurse gossiping about how things would improve when older nurses retire. "Next thing I know," Brown says, "one of her patients began to crash and I rushed in. But I had to say, 'See who's helping you now?' " Those clashes might diminish if, as expected, more midlife career switchers sign up. "There's nothing like supporting a family through a tough time and sharing their joy when they get through it," says. Columbia's Leanne Currie. For patients, that's all that matters. 考试提醒：四六级查分免费短信预定          准考证号保存提醒   考后预告：新版四级估分器      四级考试难度调查      四级考后交流吐槽                新版六级估分器          六级考试难度调查      六级考后交流吐槽  四六级签约保过班团购优惠中！  沪江网校寒假四六级名师四级阅读选词填空原文出自《新闻周刊》的某篇文章，主题为护士教育。以下为阅读原文，欢迎大家参考。 What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associate's or four-year bachelor's degree programs. But as the nursing shortage deepens, a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing "fast-track programs" that enable college grads with no nursing experience to become registered nurses with only a year or so of specialized training. In 1991, there were only 40 fast-track curricula; now there are more than 200. Typical is Columbia University's Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science in nursing in a year. Those who stay on for an additional two years can earn a master's degree that qualifies them as nurse practitioners, nurse anesthetists, clinical nurse specialists or certified nurse midwives. Many students are recent grads; others are career switchers. Rudy Guardron, 32, a 2004 grad of Columbia's program, was premed in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical research company. At Columbia, he trained as a nurse practitioner. "I saw that nurses were in high demand and it looked like a really good opportunity," he says. "Also, I didn't want to be in school for that long." The fast-track trend fills a need, but it's also creating some tension between newcomers and veterans. "Nurses that are still at the bedside view these kids with suspicion," says Linda Pellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years. "They wonder, how can they do it quicker?" The answer is they don't. Students entering with a bachelor's have already completed many of the prerequisites of traditional nursing schools. "They hit the ground running," says Hila Richardson, associate dean at New York University, which has a 15-month program. She says the fast-trackers get the same amount of clinical practice and classroom time as traditional nursing students. 以上四段即为四级阅读选词填空所选部分。 No matter how they enter the profession, new nurses must meet state training standards. But these vary, and critics worry that fast-track programs cut too many corners. Offhand comments can provoke resentment. Verlia Brown, coordinating head nurse for adult critical-care units at Kings County Hospital Center in Brooklyn, recalls overhearing a young nurse gossiping about how things would improve when older nurses retire. "Next thing I know," Brown says, "one of her patients began to crash and I rushed in. But I had to say, 'See who's helping you now?' " Those clashes might diminish if, as expected, more midlife career switchers sign up. "There's nothing like supporting a family through a tough time and sharing their joy when they get through it," says. Columbia's Leanne Currie. For patients, that's all that matters. 考试提醒：四六级查分免费短信预定          准考证号保存提醒   考后预告：新版四级估分器      四级考试难度调查      四级答疑