行时。下面还是通过举两个例子带大家加深一下印象： 1、 She knows by this time next week you’ll have been living here for 30 years. 她知道到下周，您就在这儿生活了整整30年。 而当这句话被转述的时候就变形成了下面这样的： she knew by that time he would have been living there for 30 years.” 2、 He will have been gardening in this central park for 20 years by the end of this summer 到这个夏天结束，他就已经在这中央公园当了20年的园丁了 接下来，请看间接引语： He told me he’d have been gardening in that central park for 20 years by the end of that summer.” 两个例子还需要同学们结合上文的分析来自己消化哦。

降了. 5. She said she would come as soon as she had done her work. 要用过去完成时来表示过去将来完成时. 6. Eric died a few days ago and these years, he had lived as a recluse. 埃里克几天前死了,这些年来, 埃里克都是过着隐士生活. (过去完成时) 7. When I arrived, they already put the fire out. 我到达时, 他们已经把火扑灭了. (不可用过去完成进行时) 8. Past simple or present perfect? 一般过去时还是现在完成时? 9. Several outcome measures were applied, and the results were compared with findings in previously described cohorts. 多用现在时和过去时态,偶尔也会用到完成时和将来时.一般用过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 过去完成过去时叙述研究的实验设计、作过程和方法 、 到的结果等等. 10. The teacher said the assignment would have been handed in before next week. (过去将来完成时)老师说作业在下周前交.

由 had 加动词的过去分词构成。 　　例句： 　　She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。 　　When the police arrived,the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 　　By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。例如： [en]I was writing a letter when she came to see me.[/en] [cn]当她来看我时我正在写信。[/cn] [en]I had been writing a letter for two hours by the time she came to see me.[/en] [cn]当她来看我的时候，我已经写了两个小时的信了。[/cn] 5. 过去完成进过去完成进行时含义：过去完成进行时主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行行时与过去完成时的不同。过去完成时表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如： [en]They had just had breakfast when Tom came in.[/en] [cn]汤姆来时，他们刚吃过早饭。[/cn] [en]They had been having breakfast for ten minutes when Tom came in.[/en] [cn]汤姆来时，他们已经吃了十分钟的早饭了。[/cn]

面的句子试比较： It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正) 或许你会说：“昨天下了雨，可是今天已放晴了，下雨已是过去的事，而且已经下完了，所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外，应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。  

行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+ 现在分词”组成    如： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? 句型 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑问句：问语=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 答语：Yes,I was/were.或No,I wasn't/weren’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它 例句 1、We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时,电话响了｡ 2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. 昨天这个时候杰克不在看电视. 3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行车. 4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时,灯熄灭了. 5、While we were talking, the teacher came in. 当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了. 6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边过去进行时（Past continuous tense或Past Progressive tense）表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生或进行的动作或状态. 过去进行等车边看报. 7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时,我正在做饭. 8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床.

进行时态共有八种，分别是：现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来进行时、将来完成进行行为不一定正在进行。如： She is always talking nonstop. He is constantly interfering in my affairs. 还有需要注意的是： 1.并不是所有动词都有进行时：这些动词往往是表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。例如：see(明白)、know(知道;了解)、want(需要;想要)、like(喜欢)、have(有)、think(想;认为)、hope(希望)、hate(讨厌)等。 2.用在从句中表将来时：在时间和条件状语从句中，有时可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。如： When you are passing my way，please drop in.(你什么时候路过我家，请进来坐。) 以上就是小编给大家分享地方英语语法学习方法，希望可以给大家学习带来帮助。 如果您对英语学习感兴趣，想要深入学习，可以了解沪江网校精品课程，量身定制高效实用的个性化学习方案，专属督导全程伴学。扫一扫领200畅学卡

过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing. 典型例题 (1) ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。 (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it's the first time I ___ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 （错）I have received his letter for a month. （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month. 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 典型例题 The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office. A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去此前一句应用过去进行时。 注意： had no … when 还没等…… 就…… had no sooner… than 刚…… 就…… He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.  

过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作， 即"过去的过去需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如： He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. I (had) called her before I left the office. 专项练习题： 汉译英 1.到上学期你们学会了多少首歌？ 2.到昨天晚上，他把这篇课文读了三遍。 3.十点钟前，我们到达了车站。 4.在他上中学之前，已学会了两百多个英语单词。 5.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始五分钟了。 6.昨天找看见李平了。自从我们离开北京，就一直没有见面。 7.我昨天没有给魏华那本书，因为她已经为

很累。她干了一早晨了。   2. 表示“重复” 即表示在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复，而这个重复的动作在说话时并不一定在进行。如： We’ve all along been making mistakes like this. 我们一直犯这样的错误。 Jim has been phoning Jenny every night for the past week. 一星期以来吉姆每天晚上给詹妮打电话。   四、与现在完成进行连用的主要时间状语 现在完成进完成进行时表示某动作从过去行时所用的时间状语：all day / month; this month / week / year; these days; recently / lately; in the past few + 时间段; since +时间点; for + 时间段，等等。如： He has been working all day. 他整天都在工作。 They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。 They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们一直在植树。 Car sales have been shrinking recently. 汽车销量近来一直在下降。   怎么样，看完了小编给大家准备的语法知识，有没有感觉收获颇多呢？喜欢就收藏起来吧~