过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。今天，小编为大家准备了与过去完成时相关的语法知识，一起来看看吧！   基本结构 主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ 基本用法 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 She turned scarlet from embarrassment, once she realized what she had done.  她意识到自己做了什么后羞红了脸。 Edward VIII had done the unthinkable and abdicated the throne.  爱德华八世竟主动逊位，真是匪夷所思。 The government had done everything it could to push down inflation.  政府已经采过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成取了所有可能的措施来抑制通货膨胀。 If he had done otherwise, I should have thought him a rascal.  如果他不这样做, 我就认为他是个恶棍.   看完了以上的有关过去完成时的语法知识，同学们都能更好的了解过去完成时了。赶快收藏起来吧~

英语的过去完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带过去完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语过去完成时的相关语法，一起来看看吧！   1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 他表示的时间是"过去 的过去 "常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如： She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left.   2、表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.   例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing. A. studied, had gone     B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes      D. had studied, had gone 解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年 "。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。 2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink. A. enjoyed     B. was enjoying   C. had enjoyed   D. would enjoy 解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。 3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months. A. has been in    B. had been in   C. had been to   D. had gone to 解析："小培说她去了海南三个月  "。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.   时态综合例题解析： １--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ? ---They _____ tea in the garden.                 A. are drinking    B. drank    C. have drunk     D. drink 2. My mother often asks me _____early .             A. get up   B. got up    C. getting up     D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.    A. taught    B. caught    C. bought    D. brought 4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light.       A. got on    B. got off   C. slowed down   D. picked up 5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks.               A. has lent    B. has borrowed    C. has bought     D. has had   参考答案： 1.根据问句的时态现在进行时，答句时态要一致，故选答案: A  2.根据句中的谓语动词ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：D  3.根据第一句的固定动词词组 catch up with sb 及第二句的过去时态，故选答案: B  4.此题主要考查四个动词词组的掌握.根据后半句在红灯时停下来,故选答案: C  5.此题主要考查现在完成时的延续和非延续动词，根据for two weeks 时间短语。故选答案: C   怎么样，看完了小编给大家准备的语法知识，有没有感觉收获颇多呢？喜欢就收藏起来吧~

过去完成时 1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本结构：主语+had + p.p（过去分词）+其他 4.否定形式：主语+had + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.

别的含义： 1)尚未完成： He had been writing the novel.(He had not finished it yet.) 2)企图： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.(He was trying to study it.) 3)未得结果： We had been studying what our enemy had said.(But we were not able to understand it.) 4)最近情况： He had been quarrelling with his wife.(lately) 5)反复动作： He had been asking me the same question.(Many times) 6)情绪： What had he been doing?(不耐烦) 这个时态很少用在否定句中，而多以过去完成时代替： He had not practised English for many years.(普通说法) He had not been practising English for many years.(少见) 这个时态还可用在said，supposed等引起的间接引语中，代替现在完成进过去完成进行时与过去完成时的用法很相近，它通常表示一个持续到过去行时： He said，“I have been speaking to John.”= He said that he had been speaking to John. He thought，“She was watching me when I passed.”= He thought that she had been watching him when he had passed.   声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

行时：They have been reading books for two weeks. 将来完成进行时：They will have been reading books for two weeks. （4） 过去将来完成进行时：She would have been thinking about it by the end of the year. 现在完成进过去将来完成进行时、现在和将来完成进行时行时：She has been thinking about it by the end of the year. 将来完成进行时：She will have been thinking about it by the end of the year. 本篇的练习到此为止，同学们都记清三个时态的用法了吗？

同为完成进行时，过去将来完成进行时、现在完成进行时和将来完成进行时非常相似。不过归根结底，只要弄清楚了时间点，就很好分辨了。 过去将来完成进行时 表示动作从过去某时间开始一直延续到对于过去来说的将来的某一个时间。 基本形式：should/would + have + been + doing 现在完成进行时 基本形式：have/has + been + doing 表示过去某时间点开始的动作或状况一直持续到现在（可能继续或就此停止） 将来完成进完成进行时，过去将来完成进行时、现在完成进行时和将来完成进行时行时 基本形式：shall/will + have + been + doing 表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。 例句对比： （1）杰克

过去将来完成时 　　 形式 should / would have done sth. 　　 用法 　　 1、 过去将来完成时表示在过去将来某一时间以前发生的动作，并往往会对过去将来某一时间产生影响。 I thought you'd have left by this time. 我想这会儿你已经走了。 　　 He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock. 他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。 　　 I guessed that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海伦会告诉她一些情况的。 　　 2、 过去将来完成时还常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反。 想学好语法的同时全方位扎实英语？零基础直达大学四级 零基础直达大学六级 零基础的你想变成商务英语达人？零基础直达BEC商务英语中级

活了12年了。 3、I heard by July you’d have been teaching here for ten years.   我听说到七月份，你就在这里教了10年书了。 4、“What interesting job have you found?” Helen asked him; he knew she would have been thinking about it.  “你找到什么有趣的工作啦?”海伦向他问道。他知道海伦一定会一直想这过去将来完成件事的。  解析：这个里面，“would have been+现在分词”结构除用于表示过去将来完成进行时外，有时其中的 would 也可能是情态动词，具有情态意义，比较表示推测或猜想等。 5、If I had known how he felt, I would never have let him adopt those children. 我要是知道他的想法，我是决不会让他领养那些孩子的。 解析：若表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，此时条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，而主句谓语则通常用过去完成时（would+have+过去分词），当然，主句谓语也可根据情况使用“should (could, might)+have+过去分词”。

将来完成时的用法 过去将来完成时表示在过去看来将来某时会已经完成的动作，它由“would+have+过去分词”构成

降了. 5. She said she would come as soon as she had done her work. 要用过去完成时来表示过去将来完成时. 6. Eric died a few days ago and these years, he had lived as a recluse. 埃里克几天前死了,这些年来, 埃里克都是过着隐士生活. (过去完成时) 7. When I arrived, they already put the fire out. 我到达时, 他们已经把火扑灭了. (不可用过去完成进行时) 8. Past simple or present perfect? 一般过去时还是现在完成时? 9. Several outcome measures were applied, and the results were compared with findings in previously described cohorts. 多用现在时和过去时态,偶尔也会用到完成时和将来时.一般用过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去过去时叙述研究的实验设计、作过程和方法 、 到的结果等等. 10. The teacher said the assignment would have been handed in before next week. (过去将来完成时)老师说作业在下周前交.