行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 　　They have been living in this city for ten years. 　　They have lived in this city for ten years. 　　他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 　　I have been working here for five years. 　　I have worked here for five years. 　　我在这里已经工作两年了。 (四)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 　　I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)我一直在写一本书。 　　I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。 　　They have been building a bridge.他们一直在造一座桥。 　　They have built a bridge.他们造了一座桥。 (五)表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进过去行时。 　　I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。 　　* I have been knowing... 　　这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢，hate讨厌，等。

在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时。一般现在时时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 以上就是英语语法知识的分享，希望可以给大家学习带来帮助。 如果您对英语学习感兴趣，想要深入学习，可以了解沪江网校精品课程，量身定制高效实用的个性化学习方案，专属督导全程伴学。扫一扫领200畅学卡

完了。 4. There are a lot of things I should have liked to ask you. 有好些事我本想问你的。 5. He knew by the time he arrived she would have finished her lunch. 他知道他到时她过去将来完成时的定义是：在过去的一段时间看将来某段时间已经完成的动作或者一种状态，它的基本结构是由“would+have+过去分词”构成已经吃完午餐了。 6. Well, well! Who would have guessed it! 真是的! 这谁会想到呀! 7. I thought he would have paid this bill for you. 我想他已经为你付账单了。 8. I thought you would have called the police by now. 我想你现在一定报警了。 9. There are a lot of things I should have done before 8 o’clock. 有好些事我本应该在八点之前完成的。

过去将来完成时 　　 形式 should / would have done sth. 　　 用法 　　 1、 过去将来完成时表示在过去将来某一时间以前发生的动作，并往往会对过去将来某一时间产生影响。 I thought you'd have left by this time. 我想这会儿你已经走了。 　　 He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock. 他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。 　　 I guessed that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海伦会告诉她一些情况的。 　　 2、 过去将来完成时还常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反。 想学好语法的同时全方位扎实英语？零基础直达大学四级 零基础直达大学六级 零基础的你想变成商务英语达人？零基础直达BEC商务英语中级

弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago. ⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 常见瞬间动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系: come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at open-----be open die------be dead close----be closed              become---be borrow---keep begin/start-----be on     put on----wear leave-----be away (from)           fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over     catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army be a soldier join the Party----be in the Party be a Party member 例： They borrowed the book two weeks ago．他们两个星期前借的这完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响，或是过去的状态持续到现在。基本结构为：主语+have/has +动词的过去本书。 → They have kept the book for two weeks． A month has passed since he left home. 他离开家已经一个月了。 → He has been away from home for a month.  注意：以下表示法的含义及用法 have been (to): 去过或到过（某地）（表示某人过去的经历） have gone (to)：去（某地）了 （现在可能已在某地） have come (to)：来（某地）了 （现在可能已在某地） have been in„ +一段时间: 已在某地一段时间了  例： He has been to Hangzhou several times. 他到过杭州几次了。 He has gong to Hangzhou, so he can’t help us. 他去杭州了，所以他不可能帮助我们。 He has come to our city. Let’s go to visit him. 他已经到我们城市来了，我们去拜访他吧。 She has been in London for half a year. 她在伦敦已经半年了。

1、现在完成时的构成： 　　现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。 　　①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。 　　e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s 　　②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。 　　③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。 2、现在完成时的基本句型。 　　①陈述句肯定形式。 　　e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。 　　He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。 　　②陈述句否定形式。(在助动词have

过去面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。 1)　(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.

, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如： 　　I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。 　　I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。  

行时的被动态。基本形式：should/would have been being done. 请看例句： 1. He said the trees would have been being planted on March 12th on the mountain this year by the students, because the school had already decided. 他说今年3月12日会有很多树苗被学生种下，因为学校已经决定这项活动了。 2. She said that by the end of last weekend, the book would have been being read for 2 weeks. 她说直到上周末，这本书就已经被读了两周了。 3. This topic would have been being considered for a month. 这个话题已经被考虑了1个月了。 4. Tom's room would have been being cleaned. 汤姆的房间会被打扫。 5. The play would have been being performed for 2 hours. 这场表演会持续两小时。 6. Up to that time those books had been being translated. 直到那时，这些书还在被翻译。 7. The letter had been being written till two o'clock. 写这封信写到了2点。 由基本形式转过去将来完成进行时，表示动作从过去某时间开始一直延续到对于过去换为被动态还是挺简单的，不过这里需要注意的是被动态的形式为should/would have been being done。请不要和过去将来完成时的被动态would + have + been + done混淆。前者为持续性动作，而后者并无持续性的意思。

已经好几个月没有 Maria 的消息了。现在完成时态， for 引导一个时间状语。 13. C 现在完成时态。他的祖父已经去世三十年了。这里死亡表示一种状态，而不能理解为一种动作，因为死亡是一个短暂性动词，它不可能持续三十年。所以用 has been dead 。 14. A It's(high)time （是 …… 什么的时候了）的特殊用法，要用完成时态。 Have 在句中是拥有的意思。 15.C　将来完成时态。 Leave for 离开一个地方到另一个地方去， By the time 　信号词。 16.D　将来完成时态。 by the end of 　到 …… 时间为止，在此句中引导的时间状语从句为将来时间，所以是用将来时。答案 B ， D 选取哪个？机器（ machines ）是被修的，所以用被动语态。显然， D 为正确答案。 17. B 译文：会议从开始到结束，将持续整整一个星期。本句是将来完成时的用法。到将来某时(会议结束)之前业已完成的动作(last) ，所以用将来完成时。