岛上，众多的领

成了《教师》。前两部都被出版商接受了，只有《教师》被退回。但夏洛蒂没有灰心，她开始写《简·爱》，小说中的人物和情节很多都是她从生活中经历过的或是熟悉的。她用了一年时间以相当快的速度写好了《简·爱》，两个月以后，书出版了，而《艾格妮斯·格雷》和《呼啸山庄》直到《简·爱》出版后方才出版。然而是只有《简·爱》获得了成功，受到重视，《呼啸山庄》却不为当时的读者所理解。 但是随着时间的推移，《呼啸山庄》以作者“心灵中非凡的热情”和她继拜伦之后无人可比的“强烈的情感、忧伤、大胆”震撼了越来越多的人们的心灵，于是，《呼啸山庄》被誉为“最奇特的小说”，艾米莉·勃朗特也以她唯一的一部小说奠定了她在英国文学史以及世界文学史上的地位。 银幕上的勃朗特三姐妹 电影《呼啸山庄》改编自英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Bronte）的同名小说，讲述了一个爱情与复仇的故事，由安德里亚-阿诺德执导。 呼啸山庄 Wuthering Heights (2011) 导演：安德里亚-阿诺德 主演：卡亚-斯考达里奥 尼古拉-勃利 Although Wuthering Heights is Emily Bronte's only novel, published in 1847, it has long been considered a classic and is included in many literary canons. In the story Catherine and Heathcliff are friends who are also in a perpetual sexually frustrated state. They are constantly wishing they were with each other, even though they have relationships with other people. This passionate friendship leads to nothing but trouble, especially when there are other people involved. Both Catherine and Heathcliff are selfish and self-centered, and the result of their [w]egotism[/w] strains the relationships all around them to the point of breaking. 剧情：本片讲述了一个爱情与复仇的离奇故事。19世纪，在英国约克郡一个荒原边上，吉普赛男孩希斯克利夫被欧肖先生带到呼啸山庄。他得到主人之女凯瑟琳的钟爱，凯瑟琳在爱的同时，又无法拒绝自己想过优裕生活的愿望，而能提供这种生活条件的，却是邻居埃德加·林顿。希斯克利夫无意中得知后，悄然离去，凯瑟琳在愁苦心情中嫁给了林顿。 几年后希斯克利夫风度翩翩地回来了，林顿的妹妹伊莎贝拉爱上了他，他买下了呼啸山庄，他与伊莎贝拉结婚以后，希斯克利夫的冷淡无情使伊莎贝拉很快枯萎掉谢，凯瑟琳也因为悲伤过度而濒临死亡。 希斯克利夫心神错乱，在哀悼凯凯瑟琳和期待死亡中捱过了20年，直到凯瑟琳的幽灵在一个严冬的雪夜把他召唤到他们最喜爱的荒原上某个地方，在死亡中重新聚会。 相关阅读：呼啸山庄专题

英国

表现得依然十分正式。 支持度：女王一直获英国民众的支持及爱戴。据2001年英国广播公司的调查显示，83%英国民众承认女王极具责任感；79%民众认为女王在海外出色地代表了英国；90%以上民众认为女王工作表现出色、良好或一般，而只有9%民众认为女王工作表现差。而据2008年英国广播公司委托民调机构的调查显示，约78%的民众认为英国应该继续保有王室。 相关阅读： 英国女王登基60周年：回顾伊丽莎白二世生平>>> 英女王登基60年：还原一个最真实的伊丽莎白女王>>>  英国女王伊丽莎白二世登基60周年演讲(视频+双语)>>> 英国伊丽莎白二世女王登基60周年“钻石庆典”纪念日！>>> 英国女王2012圣诞致辞 首次3D形式录制播放>>> 在位60年，英国女王时刻与时俱进>>> 银幕上的伊丽莎白女王 1997年，戴安娜王妃车祸身亡，举国悲痛欲绝，但是英国王室人员却对此采人物取了逃避疏离的态度。这种漠不关心激怒了很多英国民众。民众反王室的情绪相当高涨，紧急形势让王室陷入了严重的危机。面对此刻棘手的情势，必须尽快找到平衡各方利益的措施，让王室摆脱信任危机，女王重新修好与国民的关系，而自己也在当中树立权威。电影《女王》(The queen) 2006年获6项奥斯卡提名, 最后获1项奥斯卡奖(最佳女主角奖) 女王The Queen (2006) 导演： 斯蒂芬·弗雷斯 主演： 海伦·米伦 迈克尔·辛 阿历克斯·杰宁斯 After the death of Princess Diana, HM Queen Elizabeth II struggles with her reaction to a sequence of events nobody could have predicted. 当黛安娜王妃意外死亡的消息传出后，世界震惊。大众对英国皇室产生了怀疑，皇室信用急剧下降，英女王伊丽莎白二世这时并没有站出来，而是和家人们躲到了度假行宫巴尔莫罗堡的高墙之后。首相托尼·布莱尔一上任就要面对国内日益高涨的反皇室情绪，压力颇大，他必须尽快找出办法，令女王和人民的关系再次和睦起来。

人物介绍 玛格丽特·撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher，1925－2013）是英国保守党第一位女领袖，也是英国历史

体内发现了大量水银，可能是他研究炼金术所导致的。汞中毒可能解释牛顿晚年的一些怪异行径。 现代作家笔下的牛顿 英文书名：Isaac Newton 作者: （美）詹姆斯・格雷克 （James Gleik  ）  出版社: 高等教育出版社 出版年: 2004-11 ISBN: 9787040158359 In this original, sweeping, and intimate biography, Gleick moves between a comprehensive historical portrait and a dramatic focus on Newton’s significant letters and unpublished notebooks to illuminate the real importance of his work in physics, in optics, and in calculus. He makes us see the old intuitive, [w]alchemical[/w] universe out of which Newton’s mathematics first arose and shows us how Newton’s ideas have altered all forms of understanding from history to philosophy. And he gives us a moving account of the conflicting impulses that pulled at this man’s heart: his quiet longings, his rage, his secrecy, the extraordinary subtleties of a personality that were mirrored in the invisible forces he first identified as the building blocks of science. 过去的传记作家往往只专注于牛顿在科人物简介 艾萨克·牛顿（Sir Isaac Newton，1643－1727），英国皇家学会会员，位英国学上的巨大贡献，却对其神学信仰及思想发展脉络避而不谈，或一带而过。而美国科学普畅销书作家詹姆斯-格雷克则以科技记者特有的专业和史料，并借助于牛顿的重要信件和许多从未公开的笔记，为我们还原了一个真实的牛顿。格雷克还细细探究了牛顿伟大思想的形成脉络，从而使我们可以从内在思维，外在经历两个方面更加生动地认识这位伟人。本书在美国出版后很快就登上了亚马逊网上书店科普类畅销书排行榜第一名的宝座，并且热销全球。

人物介绍 戴安娜（Diana Spencer）王妃1961年出生于英国

因在克里米亚进行护理而闻名，被誉为“提灯女神”。她是世界上第一个真正的女护士，开创了护理事业，1908年3月16日，她在88岁高龄时被授予伦敦城自由奖。“5.12”国际护士节设立在南丁格尔的生日这一天，就是为了纪念这位近代护理事业的创始人。 Florence Nightingale was a celebrated British social reformer and [w]statistician[/w], and the founder of modern nursing. She came to [w]prominence[/w] while serving as a nurse during the Crimean War, where she tended to wounded soldiers. She was dubbed "The Lady with the Lamp" after her habit of making rounds at night. Nightingale was born to a wealthy upper-class family, at a time when women of her class were expected to focus on marriage and child bearing. Unitarian religious inspiration led her to devote her life to serving others, both directly and as a reformer. Nightingale rejected proposals of marriage so as to be free to pursue her calling. Her father had progressive social views, providing his daughter with a well-rounded education that included mathematics and supported her desire to lead an active life. Nightingale's ability to effect reform rested on her exceptional analytic skills, her high reputation, and her network of influential friends. Starting in her mid thirties, she suffered from chronic poor health, but continued working almost until her death at the age of ninety. 誓言： I solemnly [w]pledge[/w] myself before God and in the presence of this assembly, to pass my life in purity and to practice my profession faithfully. I will [w]abstain[/w] from whatever is [w]deleterious[/w] and [w]mischievous[/w], and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug. I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession, and will hold in confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling. With loyalty will I endeavor to aid the physician in his work,and devote myself to the welfare of those committed to my care.                                                                  —— The Florence Nightingale Pledge 誓言中译：余谨以至诚， 于上帝及会众面前宣誓： 终身纯洁，忠贞职守， 尽力提高护理之标准； 勿为有损之事， 勿取服或故用有害之药； 慎守病人家务及秘密， 竭诚协助医生之诊治， 务谋病者之福利。 谨誓。                                                                                   ——弗洛伦斯.南丁格尔 银幕上的弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的事迹英在2008年由英国导演诺曼·斯通拍成了电影《弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔》，以此来致敬这位“提灯女神”——永远的白衣天使。 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔 Florence Nightingale（2008） 导演：诺曼·斯通 主演：基思·克利福德  蒂姆·丹恩  劳拉·弗雷泽 BBC drama that explores the emotional and spiritual [w]trauma[/w] suffered by Florence Nightingale on her return from the Crimean War. After witnessing the horrors of the war first hand, Florence Nightingale campaigned strongly for an [w]investigation[/w] when she finally returned to England. The findings however, that many of the soldiers in her care died as a result of her own failings, caused her to re-evaluate her life's mission, breaking her in mind and spirit. 剧情：这部电影讲述了英国历史上最伟大的女英雄之一——弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔在从克里米亚战争前线回国之后情绪和精神上所遭受的创伤。由于反感军人们受到的不必要的痛苦，这位护士纠缠当局允许她对军队医院的状况进行调查。然而调查结果却是很多士兵由于她自己的失败而死，这使她开始重新评价她今生的使命。

历史人物的英文： historical figures参考例句： Modernization of the historical personage 历史人物现代化 He was a great and historical personage. 他是一位伟大的历史人物

to give up the throne 帝王宫殿 imperial palace以…… 命名 to be named after ... 历史人物 historic figure 阳历 solar calendar 阴历 lunar calendar 天干 heavenly stem 地支 earthly branch 闰年 leap year