完成时

完成时(The Past Perfect Tense）：过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前完成

过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如： When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 3. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。例如： We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.   典型例题： The students ________ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ____ in the office. A. had written, left B. were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D。 “把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when代表时间的一点，表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下， when所引导的动作正在发生。因此前一句应用过去进完成时表示表示过去的过去。这个是大家在中学时期就知道的，今天，小编为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语过去完成时行时。   怎么样，看完了小编给大家准备的语法知识，有没有感觉收获颇多呢？喜欢就收藏起来吧~

A. 凡是"完成时态"都表示，不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间， 所以在使用现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，   如：yesterday , last week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等； 但常和有些副词连用，如： just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。 B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不完成时态"都表示，不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间， 所以在使用现在完成时能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里，因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间，属于表示具体过去时间的状语。但是可以用before 来表示"以前"的意义，因为它只表示"以前"，而不知什么时候的以前。 C. 如果是不表示连续性的动词用于现在完成时的句子，不可以和以for表示的"一段时间"的状语连用。在这种情况下，应该用"It has been … ；since…"的句式来表达。如： 　　He has joined the army for five years. (错误) 　　It has been five years since he joined the army。(正确)

过去完成时。 　　如：As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. 　　He did what he had been told to. 　　另：当从句由after，before，when或assoonas引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 　　如：When he arrived, he called her. 　　They locked the door before they left. 　　过去完成时与现在完成时被动语态用法区别： 　　现在完成时被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作，过去完成时被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。 　　例如：This polluted river has been cleaned. 这条被污染了的河流已被净化。 　　析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。 　　例如：He said this book had been translated into Japanese. 他说这完成时的被动语态的概念： 　　过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时本书已被译成日语。 　　析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。

行时由“will / shall have been+现在分词”构成。 By the end of this year he’ll have been acting for thirty years. 到今年年底他当演员就满30年了。 I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底，我在这个工厂工作就有20年了。   将来完成进行时连用的时间状语 与将来完成进行时连用最多的时间状语时是“by+将来时间”，见上面的例子。当然除“by+将来时间”外，连用其他的时间状语也是可能的。如： He will have been working all day. 他整天将都在工作。 She will have been having treatment all her life. 她将终生受到治疗。 I’ll have been teaching for thirty years this winter. 到今年冬天我就已任教三十年了。   怎么样，看将来完成进行时完了这篇文章，大家是不是对将来完成进行时的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜欢就赶快收藏起来吧~

在那所大学教书就满20年了。   三、间接引语与过去将来完成进行时 在间接引语中，若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语从句中的间接引语则要把将来完成进行时改为过去将来完成进行时。如： I know by this time next week you’ll have been working here for 30 years. →I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years. She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by this summer. →She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer.   怎么样，看将来完成进行时完了这篇文章，大家是不是对过去将来完成进行时的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜欢就赶快收藏起来吧~

面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。 1)　(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.

行时外，有时其中的 would 也可能是情态动词，具有情态意义，比较表示推测或猜想等。如： “What interesting job have you found?” Helen asked him; he knew she would have been thinking about it. “你找到什么有趣的工作啦?”海伦向他问道。他知道海伦一定会一直想这件事的。 二、过去将来完成进行时补充例句 过去将来完成进行时不是一个常用时态，一般语法书也讲得到很少，所以能找到的权威例句也很少。为满足部分高级读者朋友的需要，我们特从“英国国家语料库”中查了部分例句，供大家参考： ◇Latterly, they would have been reading Virgin books, watching Virgin videos and Virgin films. ◇New York was swathed in sunlight and the heat would have been stifling had it not been for a gentle easterly breeze blowing in from the Atlantic. ◇Maybe we, it may well be that you were with other people, I wonder what sort of things if you were in a condition of speaking, what sort of things you would have been saying to them. ◇Obviously no expense was being spared to make the night a success, and in different circumstances she would have been looking forward to it, but now, as silence settled over the car, she could feel herself growing tense.   怎么样，看将来完成进行时完了这篇文章，大家是不是对过去将来完成进行时的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜欢就赶快收藏起来吧~

完了。 4. There are a lot of things I should have liked to ask you. 有好些事我本想问你的。 5. He knew by the time he arrived she would have finished her lunch. 他知道他到时她将来完成时的定义是：在过去的一段时间看将来某段时间已经完成的动作或者一种状态，它的基本结构是由“would+have+过去分词”构成已经吃完午餐了。 6. Well, well! Who would have guessed it! 真是的! 这谁会想到呀! 7. I thought he would have paid this bill for you. 我想他已经为你付账单了。 8. I thought you would have called the police by now. 我想你现在一定报警了。 9. There are a lot of things I should have done before 8 o’clock. 有好些事我本应该在八点之前完成的。