并列连词 neither…nor：既不……也不…… a.当此词组担任主语时，谓语动词的用法和either…or的用法一样，由nor后面的词而定。 Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对。 b.此句型本身是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。 （×）Neither You nor I am not right. 比较 both …and ,either…or ,neither …nor 这三个句型的相互关系如下： 1．肯定句：I like both A and  B．我喜欢A和B。 I like both coffee and tea. 我喜欢咖啡和茶

事物在情绪上的反应。能与表示这种惫义的Rl搭配的形容词有:amazed, annove4d ,astonished, disappointexd, shocked, excited , hunts等。 He was angry at teeing called names. My father was very disappointed at being dismissed again. At也可以表示在某方面的能力。能与表示这种意义的Ri搭配的形容词有:adept, brilliant,clever ,expert, hopeless, good, useless, had, excellent等。 She's good at language and bad at tennis. I'm not very clever at cooking. 3.For:表示形容词所指向的对象.能与for搭配的形容词有appropriate,suitable, responsible, lit ,famous, liable, necessary, eager, essential, sorry等。 I feel really sorry for her children. We are eager for news. 4.From :表示与……相词的积累和语法的掌握是学习的重中之重。有些形容词既可以单独放在系动词分离。能与其搭配的形容词有

快点，你就会误了这班车。 Study hard，or you'll fail in the exam. 好好学吧，否则你考试就会不及格。 =If you don't study hard，you'll fail in the exam. 如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。 注意 or疑问句的读法or前面的部词分用升调，后面的部分用降调。

并列连词 because：因为，连接原因状语从句 She didn't go there，because she was ill. 因为她病了，所以她没去那儿。 1.回答Why问句时，只能用because，不词能用for或 as. Why are you late？ 你为什么迟到？ Because I met a traffic accident on my way here. 因为在我来这儿的路上，遇到了车祸。 2.汉语中，我们经常说因为……所以，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。 （×）Because he was tired， so he couldn't walk there. 因为他累了，所以他不能走到那儿了。

英语介词from：此介词表示“to”相反的方向；by：表示从旁经过或在……附近，eg. This is the nearest road by which they came等。 　　(1)from：此介词表示“to”相反的方向。 　　He came from London. 　　He went to London. 　　二词常搭配使用“from... to...” 　　We studied English from morning to afternoon. 　　He'll start from Beijing to Shanghai. 　　经典用法： 　　● 由于→ The girl is trembling from fear. 　　● 免除→ Tramps are always free from care. 流浪汉们总是无忧无虑。 　　● 分开→ The couple parted from each other at the airport. 　　● 由……制成→ The red wine is made from grapes. 红葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。 　　由from引导的惯用法： 　　from far 从远处 　　from now / then on 从现在/那时起 　　from bad to worse 每况愈下 　　from time to time(occasionally 时而) 　　习语： 　　She comes to visit me from time to time. 　　(2)out of：表示与"into"相反的语意。 　　He will be out of town. 　　I stepped out of the dark room. 　　out of+ 名词 (= lack, to be without 用完，用光) 　　He went to the shop because he was out of paper. 　　out of date (= old-fashioned 过时的) 　　The book has been out of date. 　　out of work (= jobless 失业的) 　　He needs money because be is out of work. 　　out of the question (= impossible 不可能的) 　　Finishing the hard work is out of the question. 　　out of question (= doubtless 毫无疑问的) 　　That he can do it well is out of question. 　　out of order(= not functioning 失灵的) 　　Her radio is out of order, so she can't listen to it. 　　(3)by：表示从旁经过或在……附近。 　　He passed by me without saying hello. 　　He lives by the sea. 　　经典用法： 　　● 通过→This is the nearest road by which they came. 　　● 在……时候→The young man works by day and steals money by night. 　　● 由……所生→He has two sons by her second wife. 　　● 抓住→She caught her child by his coat in the flood. 　　● 按……计算→The farmers sell their apples by the pound. 　　● 就(气质，特征)而言→He is an artist by temperament(气质). 　　用于被动语意，导出动作执行者： 　　The glass was broken by the boy. 　　by + 具体时间： 　　They usually have dinner by 8 o'clock. 　　by + 交通工具 (bus, train, plan...)： 　　He travelled to Paris by air/plane. 　　by the end of + 时间名词：到……末为止 　　By the end of last year, they had learnt 100 texts. 　　By the end of this term, they will have learnt 100 texts. 　　by then：到那时 　　He will graduate in 1999, by then he will leave Beijing. 　　by way of (= via)：经由，取道 　　They are going to the United States by way of Hong Kong. 　　by the way：顺便问 　　By the way, do you know where Mr. Li has gone? 　　by far：……得多(用于修饰比较级和*高级) 　　The book is by far the best on the subject. 　　by accident：不小心，与on purpose(故意地)语意相反 　　The wrong information was put into the computer by accident. 扩展知识： 表示词与词、词与句关系的词。 常用介词：on、at、in、above、by、with等； 合成类介词：inside、outside、onto、out of、within 等； 短语类介词：according to、ahead of、along with等。 含义 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。 分类 1.常用简单介词： 　　about, across, against, among, after, at, behind, besides, beyond, by, concerning, beneath, between, despite, except, during, down, for, from, past, than, under, until 等。 2.合成介词： 　　inside, outside, onto, out of, within 等。 3.短语介词： 　　according to, ahead of, along with, as for, because of, be means of, due to, in spite of, on behalf of, owing to, with regard to 等。 介词与“……的”之关系 在英语学习中，一遇到“……的”，大家就会立刻想到’s 所有格或者of。实际上，在很多情况下，“……的”必须借助于介词才能准确表达。 　　● 美国的冬天→ the winter in America 　　● 停车场的入口→ the entrance to the parking lot 　　● 穿过森林的小路→ the path through the forest 　　● 鲁迅的著作→ the works by Lu Xun 　　● 水中的月亮→ the moon reflected in water 　　● 历史的见证→ the witness to history 　　● 对爱的渴望→ a longing for love 　　● 对我们不利的证据→ the evidence against us 　　● 阳光下的漫步→ a walk in the sunlight 　　● 追求名誉的女人→ a lady after fame 　　● 两人之间的争论→ an argument between the two persons

并列连词 not only… but also：不但……而且 （1）Not only you but also your father is coming. 不但你，而且你父亲也要来。 （2）Jane is  not only beautiful  but also kind. 珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。 1.基本用法：《not only…but also》担任主语时，此句型的谓语动词随 but also后面的部分而定，参见上文例（1）。 另外not only…but also连接对等的词或词组； 例（1）you（你）和 your  father（你父亲）都是人。 例（2）beautiful（美的）和kind（亲切、慈祥）都是形容词。 2.该句型可以和“as well as”互换，但注意汉语翻译。 Your father as well as you is coming. 不但你，而且你父亲也词要来。 注意 as well as的句子谓语动词随它前面的词“Your father”而定，所以用is coming. Jane is kind as well as beautiful. 珍妮不但漂亮，而且为人很好。  

一修。[/cn] [en]Some children make lanterns out of pumpkins at Hallowe’en. [/en][cn]有些儿童在万圣节前夕用南瓜做灯笼。[/cn] 2）但如果指节日中的某一天，就用on。如： [en]Come and see us on Christmas Day. [/en][cn]圣诞节那一天来玩儿吧。[/cn] [en]What are you doing on Easter Monday? [/en][cn]复活节第二天你干什么?[/cn] 3）表示周末时，英国人说at the weekend，而美国人则说on the weekend。如： [en]What did you do at the weekend? [/en][cn]你周末干什么了?[/cn] [en]He likes to go climbing at weekends. [/en][cn]他喜欢在周末做登山运动。[/cn] [en]They like to go ballooning at weekends. [/en][cn]他们周末喜欢乘气球玩。[/cn] 4）当然，若强调是在整个期间，也可用during等。如： [en]Five thousand people were flown to Paris during the Easter weekend. [/en][cn]在复活节的周末有五千人乘飞机去巴黎。[/cn] 二、季节前面用什么介词，按英语语法，年、月、年月、季节、周  在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都介词，按英语语法，节日之前的介词要用in。 [en]in 1986[/en][cn]在1986年 [/cn] [en]in April [/en][cn]在四月[/cn] [en]in December 1986[/en][cn]1986年12月[/cn] [en]in July l983[/en][cn]1983年7月[/cn] [en]in spring[/en][cn]在春季[/cn] [en]in the fist week of this semester[/en][cn]这学期的第一周[/cn] [en]in the third week[/en][cn]在第三周[/cn] 以上的这些小知识点你都记住了吗？

并列连词 I want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai. 我想参观天津或者上海。 I like neither English nor Chinese. 中文和英文我全不喜欢。 …or：或……或……；不是……就是…… a.《either…or…》构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词随其邻近的词，即or后面的词而定。 Either you or he is right. 不是你，就是他是对的。 b.此句型的否定句是全否定。 Either you or he isn't right.你和他都不对。 I don't want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai.天津和上海我都不想参观。

儿时，天正在下雨。 I entered the room while（when） Li Ming was talking with her. 我进屋时，李明正在和她谈话。 I didn't go to sleep until（till）I finished my homework. 直词 when，while，till，until，since… When he arrives there he will call you. 他到达那儿以后，他会给你打电话。 when， while， till， until， since， after， before， as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词到我做完作业，我才上床睡觉。 We won't work until（till） our teacher teaches us how to do it. 老师教给我们如何做这工作之后，我们才会开始做。 He came to China after the war was over. 比较 连词连接从句不同，意思不同。 He had been in China before the war was over. 战争结束前，他已经在中国了。 =The war was over before he came to China. =The war had been over before he came to China. 战争结束后，他来到中国。 I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago. 自从两年前我开始学习英语以来，我已经学习了两千多个英语单词了。 注意 since引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在（自从两年前以来），主句一般要用现在完成时。 As soon as I get enough money，I'll buy it. 我一得到足够的钱，就买它。

并列连词 If it doesn't rain，we'll go to the park. 如果不下雨，我们就去公园。 Though I was tired， I still worked hard. 虽然我很累，可是我仍然努力地工作。 ：如果（引导条件从句） You can pass the exam if you study hard. 如果你努力学习，你会及格的。 ，although：虽然（引导让步状语从句）和原因状语从句一样，如果用了though，although （虽然）就不能再用but（但是）。 Although（Though） I live near the sea， I'm not a good swimmer. =I live near the sea，but I'm not a good swimmer. 虽然我住在海边，可是我游泳并不好。 注意 注意时态一致，和时间状语从句一样。主句是将来时之时，从句要用一般现在时。